What is green revolution (B)

The most important feature of green revolution was the use of high yielding varieties of seeds in the areas with assured supply of water.
These seeds were the result of researches made at laboratory and finally tested in supervised conditions in the research fields of agriculture universities. These were tested for different doses of fertilizers particularly chemical fertilizers and also for micro nutrients of soil. Soil testing and recommendation of particular deficient nutrient was the main know haw which was lacking earlier. suitable use of pesticides and fungicides and weedicides were also recommended with adequate doses of water and dry land farming techniques.
The other important feature of green revolution was multiple cropping patterns. Which aimed at intensive cultivation of land by raising more than one crop in one plot.
Use of HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES covered mainly 5 crops namely Wheat, Rice, maize, jowar and Bazra. However it was noticed that it resulted striking progress in wheat only. It is therefore also called as wheat revolution by some scientists. The use of high yielding varieties resulted in marked increase in productivity.
The main factor that lead to increase in the production was use of dwarf varieties of Mexican strains and also kalyan & sona varieties.
A part of the success was also contributed by intensive and balanced use of fertilizer, use plant protection measures, progress of irrigation facilities and mechanization of farming.
Above all these were the results of hard work of agricultural scientists and extension departments of agriculture universities

(NEXT BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED WITH HEADING PROBLEMS AND EVAUATION OF GREEN REVOLUTION—C )

2nd Green Revolution- a dream project (A)

(A)Historical Background
Food production in the first five year plan exceeded the target and at the end of plan prices of all commodities registered declining. cheap food created a semblance of prosperity and planning commission presumed that the food problem was over.
Soon things started changing and it was realized that food problem was very much there. In the period 1958-1968 India experienced recurrent shortage of food and to import fairly large quantities of wheat. Various factors were responsible for the same. These were inadequate inputs, old methods of cultivation, faulty land use pattern, shortage of scientific knowledge of cultivation etc.
After 1961 the situation was so alarming that government was compelled to adopt a strategy powerful enough to secure the breakthrough.
The new agricultural strategy which was introduced in mid sixties emerged out of recommendations of the FORD FOUNDATION. The main theme of the recommendation was to emphasize that-
” Instead of spreading the developmental efforts more or less on uniform basis throughout the country without getting any striking result, intensive effort for production should be made with a combination of all technological improvements and concentration of man power and resources in selected areas having potential of production/ having optimum conditions of stepping up production.”
It was anticipated that this new strategy will spread in other areas automatically.
Coincidentally sever droughts were seen in the year 1968-1969 which also necessitated adoption of the strategy. Finally it was adopted in the plan of in the annual plans of 1969.

(NEXT PART WILL BE PUBLISHED SOON WITH HEADING "WHAT IS GREEN REVOLUTION INDEED"-B )

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Rural Development is a process by which people of Rural society increase their personal and institutional capacities to mobilize and manage resources to produce sustainable and justly distributed improvements in quality of life over and above the basic requirements of life i.e food, shelter and cloths.
It is all round development using potential available in the area, particularly agriculture and allied activities, village and cottage industries. I also includes socioeconomic development,improvement in infrastructure, community services, education, health etc.In other words "It is a vision in which there is a wide range of choice of social and economic parameters for improved standard of living.
Agriculture is back bone of our country. nearly 70% people depend on agriculture.
Agriculture contributes 32 percent in national economy.more often rural development is considered as synonym of development of agriculture. Development in agriculture include farm and farm worker's development.
Thus Rural Development relates to development of rural people or people living in rural area.